Placement in a social adjustment centre was a penal means of a resocializing and protecting character applied to recidivists who have served a custodial penalty for offences committed under multiple special relapse or under common special relapse. That means was introduced into the Polish criminal legislation by the regulations of the Penal Code and the Penal Execution Code of 19th April 1969 which came into force on 1st January 1970. That means may be applied by the court on sentencing a recidivist to a custodial penalty, which refers only to multiple recidivists, or in executory proceedings by’e penitentiary court to both groups of special recidivists if they have evaded protective supervision. The latter means is also applied to recidivists under art. 60 of the Penal Code, where it is obligatory for multiple recidivists and facultative for common recidivists. Both the protective supervision and the placement in a social adjustment centre are executed after the offender has served the custodial penalty. The purposes for a placement in a social adjustment centre was: 1) additional resocializing influence on the sentenced persons in conditions of restriction of liberty, 2) testing of the degree of social adjustment of the offender to a law-observing life in community, by means of gradual extending their rights, 3) protection of the community from further breaking of the law by the persons placed in the centre. As inefficacious centers have been endured in 1990 year by corrections for penal code.