During the transition of the educational system in Poland, at the beginning of the 90’s, disputes over the axiological basis of education and necessary changes in the Polish education system appeared. The level of disputes and discussions was not lower than today. One of the fundamental issues analyzed both at that time and nowadays is the following question: what are the tasks school must face in order to prepare a young generation and a society for new challenges? The authors attempted to answer the questions: How does a modern generation of twenty-somethings understand modernity? Is this the generation of “humanist ignorants” for whom the word culture has ceased to exist and has been replaced by a “visionary civilization”? The answer to the above questions will be at the same time an attempt to verify the statement whether school has achieved its objectives in the period of intense program and system changes from the beginning of the 21st century, if it has contributed to an integrated development of a contemporary young human, apart from many other pragmatic tasks it has had. For this purpose, a survey was carried out concerning a group of 103 students of the Faculty of Economics and Technical Science at the Pope John Paul II State School of Higher Education in Biala Podlaska.