Abstract. Security and freedom of conscience and religion in the light of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, 1966.Religious freedom and guarantees of security are fundamental rights were requested at the earliest and most strongly in human history. Freedom of conscience and religion - more than any other fundamental right - protects a man not only against the state and not just the minority to the majority or the majority of any minority, but particularly against any threat, irrespectively of any side it is likely to occur. Freedom of conscience and religion is the right of every man. The state should refrain from any interference in this sphere of life. Determination of the boundaries of that sphere and acceptable exceptions are speciÞ ed in the laws and international agreements. Freedom of thought, conscience and religion as required by the Universal Declaration of Human Rights of 10th December 1948 and the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights of 16th December 1966, includes the freedom to have or adopt a religion or belief of your own choice. It also includes expressing freedom, either alone or jointly with others and in public or private to manifest religion or belief. At the same time, it is concluded that the freedom to manifest one’s religion or beliefs may be restricted in case of threat to national security and citizens. However, these limitations must be provided and deÞ ned by law and necessary in a democratic state regardless of the public safety, law enforcement, health, morals or protection of fundamental rights and freedoms of other people. These provisions are repeated in the Constitution of the Republic of Poland.